Improvement in apparatus for drying



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G. F. WILSON. Apparatus for Drying. N0. 215,192.

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WITNESSES.

N.FE|'ER3. PHDTUJTHDGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D C.

UNITED STArns'PATnNT OFF-Ion.

GEORGEF. WILSON, OF EAST PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. 215,192, dated May 6, 1879; application led Y February 21, 1879.

To all whom ,ttmay concern:

Be it known thatfI, GEORGE F.. WILSON, of East Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Drying or Roastin g Substances, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specitication.

This invention relates to an apparatus for drying or roasting substances by a continuous process, in which the temperature may be readily regulated, evenly applied, and the substance or material treated prevented from caking or becoming burnt or scorched in spots.

Apparatus of various kinds have heretofore been devised for the drying and roasting of different substances. In the drying of lumber, for example, it has been placed in an oven heated by lines in the Walls, and for some other substances screws-conveyers, turning in casings heated externally by steam-jacket or by the direct action of flames and products of combustion, have been employed; but with such apparatus it is impossible to evenly and continuously subject thematerial to the action of a temperature of the proper degree and character required for many purposes.

In this invention the material is conveyed from end to end of a stationary cylindrical casing by means of a screw in the inside, the thread of which is provided with projections, .which serve to break up and prevent caking of material treated, the casing itself 9 is an enlarged view of a section ofthe screwconveyer as represented in Fig. 5. A

The outer or main walls are vconstructed of brick or other suitable material, held together with tie-rods, as represented, or any other ordinary or suitable mode of building `may be adopted. The oven, fire-place, and tlues may be lined or made of lire-brick, or of any suitable material. The ca'sing and conveyer are ordinarily made of metal.

A represents the oven, in which the casing B is placed, the screw-conveyer C turning therein.

yD is the tire-place, from which the products of combustion pass through the horizontal dues E beneath the oven, which open into a vertical flue, F. The latter is connected with the horizontal :tlues Gr G1 on the top of the oven, and the flue Grl is connected by the vertical lue H With the outlet I. A valve, G2, is placed in the flue G', to close, When desired, the opening between it and the ue H. The tire-place is also connected directly with this outlet by the ilue K, which has a valve or gate, K', so that communication therethrough may be closed, as desired.

At suitable points in the tire-place above the grate, and in the lines, are placed holes d c f j", for the admission of air to burn all combustible gases arising from the fuel ou the grate.

The ends of the conveyer-casing `B extend beyond the Walls of the apparatus,land one of being not exposed to the direct action of the these is provided with a feed hopper or paslire or products of combustion, but placed in an oven heated by lues in which the products of combustion pass.

sage, b, for introducing the material treated, and also with a pipe or tube, b, for the withdrawal of air from the casing, to remove moist- The following description will enable those ure, and to preserve the proper temperature skilled in the art to which it appertains to therein.

make and use my invention, reference being A supporting-post, b3, may, if desired, be

had to the accompanying drawings, forming placed under the middle of the casing B. The

part of this specification. y

Figure 1 is a side View, partly in section on line 3 3, Fig. 2; Fig. 2, a section on line 2 2, Fig. 1 Fig. 3, an end View; Fig. 4, a view, in section, on line 4 4, Fig. l 5 Fig. 5, a view, in section, on line 6 6, Fig. 4, with part of the wall of the casing cut away to show the screw or conveyer inside, Fig. 6, a section on line 1 l, Fig. l; Fig. 7, a section on line 7 7, Figs. l and 5 5 and Fig. 8, a section on line 5 5. Fig.

other extremity is provided with an exit-passage or spout, b2, through which air may be drawn into the casing. The ends of the casing are closed, and contain bearings for the shaft of the conveyer C, which is revolved by means of a belt on a pulley, c. The thread of the conveyer is provided on the side which advances the material within the -casing with projections c2, which lift and turn over said material, thereby preventing its calling, and

insuring that all parts are evenly acted upon l oy the heat.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: Fire being kindled in the tire-place, the product-s of combustion are allowed to pass directly into the outlet I through the iiue K, the valve K being opened. When the tire is properly burning and the draft established this valve is closed, the valve G2 being open. The products of combustion pass, as indicated by the arrows, from the fire-place, through the iiues E beneath the oven, into the vertical flue F, then into the flue Gr over the top ofthe oven, and hack through the tlue G', also above the oven, into the vertical Hue H, from which they pass into the outlet I. Air is drawn through the air-holes in the walls to burn ali combustible gases.

It it is desired that not all the hot gases of combustion pass through the iiues above and below the oven, a portion may be allowed to pass through the tine K directlx7 into the outlet, the percentage being regulated by the valves G2 K.

The conveyer heilig put in motion by means of a belt, as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 3, the material to be treated is introduced by the hopper or passage b, as indicated by the Word feed and the arrow in Fig. 3.

The couveyerC, as it revolves, carries thematerial gradually through the casing B, at the same time agitating it by means of the proiections c2. The moisture is carried ott through the pipe b1. The dried and roasted material is delivered from the casing by the spout b2 into a suitable receptacle.

Modifications may be made in the details of construction without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I do not intend to limit myself to the materials of which my apparatus is constructed, as any suitable materials may be used, although I regard the described construction as the best.

The apparatus may be used for drying and roasting various materials, and among them starch for manufacturing British gum or gum substitute.

Having thus described my invention and the manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The hereindescribed apparatus, composed oi' a conveyer-sorew and stationary casing located iu an oven heated by tlues in the walls thereof', substantially as set forth.

2. An apparatus composed of an oven, a conveyer-screw, and an inclosing-easing located in said oven at a suitable distance from the surrounding walls, the top and bottom of the oven being provided with heating-fines, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with the stationary cas ing, of the interior conveying-screw, formed of a continuons spiral blade provided with rigid projections ou the face, substantially as specilied.

4. The combination of the oven, heated by fiues, with a stationary casing located therein at a suitable distance from the walls, a conveyer provided with projections on the face, and means for operating said conveyer within the casing, substantially as described.

5. An apparatus for drying or drying and roasting substances, composed ofthe following elements: first, au oven; second, a screw-con veyer, and, third, its inclosing-casng located in said oven; fourth, a fire-place arranged at the side of said oven fifth, ues leading from the fire-place under the oven to, sixth, an upright tine at the end opposite to that at which the fire-place is located; seventh, a horizontal iiue or tlnes above the oven; eighth, an outlet connected with the last-named horizontal ue and with the hre-place directly; and, ninth, valves for regulating the passage of the gases of combustion from the tire-place into said outlet, either directly or through the aforesaid fines, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specication in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

GEO. F. WILSON.

Witnesses:

E. A. DICK, C. J. HEDRICK. 

